// tExcept3.h

#pragma once
#include <stdexcept>
using std::out_of_range;

template <class T>
class push_out_of_range: public out_of_range
{
public:
    push_out_of_range(const char *msg): out_of_range(msg){}
};

template <class T>
class pop_out_of_range: public out_of_range
{
public:
    pop_out_of_range(const char *msg): out_of_range(msg){}
};

template <class T>
class top_out_of_range: public out_of_range
{
public:
    top_out_of_range(const char *msg): out_of_range(msg){}
};